Intra-articular injections are sometimes used to relieve pain for people with osteoarthritis. These include injections with corticosteroids, hyaluronan and stem cells. Corticosteroid injections are undertaken to deliver this high dose anti-inflammatory agent within the joint to reduce inflammation of the...

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MMWR recomm. rep; 71 (3), 2022

This guideline provides recommendations for clinicians providing pain care, including those prescribing opioids, for outpatients aged ≥18 years. It updates the CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain — United States, 2016 (MMWR Recomm Rep 2016;65[No. RR-1]:1–49) and includes recommen...

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Knowing when to refer a person with osteoarthritis for consideration for a joint replacement is a challenge for healthcare professionals working in primary care. There are few contraindications to surgery now that it can be performed without a general anaesthetic. Joint replacement can have significant b...

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